Ensuring Healthy Smiles and Sound Sleep For Your Child

By Lynda Dean-Duru, DDS

Ashburn Children's Dentistry

. http://kidzsmile.com/

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Ensuring Healthy Smiles and Sound Sleep For Your Child

Proper breathing during sleep is crucial for the overall well-being of children, yet many parents may not be fully aware of potential issues related to Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders (SRBD), which includes pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

SRBD refer to disturbances in normal breathing patterns during sleep, ranging from common snoring to more severe pauses in breathing known as apnea events. These interruptions can lead to sleep deprivation and a variety of health complications. In the case of children, untreated SRDB can result in developmental, behavioral, and emotional challenges, potentially leading to conditions like allergies, ADD/ADHD, and depression.

Pediatric OSA, a condition where the airway is partially or completely blocked during sleep, is often caused by enlarged tonsils or adenoids and a lack of tongue space. It differs from adult OSA, as it may manifest alongside behavioral issues and daytime sleepiness in children.

The Importance of Proper Sleep and Open Airways for Children

During the first 18 months of a child’s life, crucial growth and developmental milestones occur, many of which are related to facial development. Ensuring proper breathing is essential for a child’s health and development, impacting facial features, jaw development, and overall growth. Mouth breathing can set off a chain reaction of issues, altering the growth of the lower and upper jaws, midface, and nasal bones, ultimately affecting the child’s facial balance.

Pediatric Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders (SRBD) & OSA Symptoms

Children with SRDB may present a range of symptoms, including:

• Difficulty falling or staying asleep
• Sleepwalking, night terrors, and other parasomnias
• Excessive daytime sleepiness
• Mouth breathing, dry lips, bad breath
• Dark circles under the eyes
• Tonsil and adenoid problems
• Snoring
• Teeth grinding
• Bed-wetting
• Inner ear infections
• Limited tongue/lip mobility
• Hyperactivity
• Difficulty concentrating
• Selective eating habits
• Bedwetting

In the case of pediatric OSA, symptoms may involve snoring, breathing pauses, restlessness, and coughing or choking episodes during sleep.

Dentist’s Role

Contrary to conventional belief, pediatric dentists with specialized training are well-equipped to address symptoms related to sleep and airway conditions. The airway, mode of breathing, and malocclusion are closely interconnected and should be addressed early and holistically by dentists. Advanced technology, such as cone beam 3D imaging, allows dentists to effectively diagnose airway issues and guide proper growth and development. Early intervention is essential in guiding proper growth and development.

Convenient at-home sleep study tests are now available to diagnose pediatric sleep apnea and breathing issues. These tests provide comprehensive, accurate data for proper diagnoses.

Treatment goals encompass the elimination of detrimental habits, guiding optimal cranial, jaw, and facial development, preventing dental misalignment, and enhancing airway health and oxygen sufficiency. Various therapies, including oral appliances, myofunctional therapy and positive airway pressure therapy, can effectively alleviate symptoms.