Understanding Weight and Obesity

By Lorraine Rimando, RN, BSN, RA

Now that the holidays are over, it is time to think about the New Year. Many of our lists may include health and wellness as part of our resolution to take better care of ourselves. The best way to begin developing a health program for yourself is to first educate yourself regarding factors that may contribute to unhealthy habits and the health trends that exist in your environment today.

Obesity is one of the most common health problems in the U.S. today. Although many of us are aware of this trend, 1/3 of adult Americans are overweight or obese despite the numerous recommendations that are out there for healthy eating and lifestyle. In fact, obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.

Prevention is the key. Therefore, let's first take into consideration our children. A child raised in a family with one overweight parent has a 40% chance of becoming overweight as an adult. That risk jumps to 80% when both parents are overweight. Sedentary lifestyle with long term excessive caloric intake, the availability of foods high in calories and practices tied to tradition and familial beliefs are some of the environmental contributions towards obesity.

A false belief is that obesity is simply overindulgence of food and laziness. The truth is, the regulation of body weight is a complex and precise behavioral and metabolic process that is affected by genetic, biological, psychological, and environmental factors. In fact, genes and biology regulate human development. This includes body size, shape, behavior, and (believe it or not) emotions. Lifestyle and cultural traits also influence eating habits, preferences and beliefs.

So what are the consequences? Excess fat and weight influences the development of adverse metabolic changes that are associated with chronic degenerative diseases. These diseases increase both morbidity and mortality. Common health problems in obese and overweight people include hypertension, diabetes type II and coronary artery disease. Other less known complications includes respiratory issues, orthopedic disturbance (especially in the joints), skin disorders, and psychological stresses due to social discrimination related to size and image.

The most successful diet programs for obesity integrate a multidisciplinary approach to weight loss, including calorie restrictions, behavioral modifications, aerobic exercise, and social support. Also incorporating holistic measures such as nutritional and psychological counseling, forming a partnership with your healthcare provider, yoga, meditation and aromatherapy support treatments may encourage long-term results and lifetime changes.